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aerial photograph of the Castle Newcastle upon Tyne, England, UK. Newcastle Castle was built in the 12th century to replace a Norman Motte & Bailey Castle built of wood by . Robert Curthose, eldest son of William the Conqueror, in AD 1080. It was this original castle which gave Newcastle its name, although it was not the first on this site as the Roman Fort had been built on the same site, guarding the bridge over the River Tyne. By the 16th century the castle was dilapidated but it was refortified during the English Civil War when it was held by the Royalists until taken by the Parliamentarians after a 3 month siege in 1644. Following the war the castle keep was retained and used as a prison. Unfortunately the railway was built right through the castle in 1850. What remains is protected by Grade I listing.
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